400 Free CNA Practice Exam Questions and Answers on Basic Nursing Fundamental Skills – Part 6

This is the part 6 of 400 Free CNA Practice Exam Questions and Answers on Basic Nursing Fundamental Skills.  This test is created as a sufficient collection of free CNA exam questions and answers turning around the fundamental techniques a CNA must have to complete their jobs effectively.

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   Where can the blood pressure be taken by auscultation?

• Ensure that the handgrip of the cane is LEVEL with the greater trochanter or the ulnar crease of the wrist when the arm is straight down at the side
• A measure of the amount of heat below the skin and the subcutaneous tissues
• A supine patient with the head of the bed raised at to 30 degrees
• Blood pressure can be taken above the antecubital space on the arm or over the mid-thigh on the leg.

What are the different types of diabetes?

• 1. Insulin dependent2. Non-insulin dependent3. Gestational diabetes
• - head injury- drug overdose- coma related to a disease process
• Adults: 12-20 bpm-Children: 20-30 bpm-Infants: 30-50 bpm
• Because of physical, psychological, and social changes

True or False: Ensure that the handgrip of the cane is lower than the greater trochanter or the lunar crease of the wrist when the arm is straignt down at the side

• Ensure that the handgrip of the cane is LEVEL with the greater trochanter or the ulnar crease of the wrist when the arm is straight down at the side
• To safeguard things of value the patient brought to the ward
• Rotation towards the center of the body
• Evaluate the vision with the Snellen chart

What are some causes of paralysis?

• - Paraplegia- Quadriplegia- Hemiplegia
• - Physical needs- Emotional needs- Social needs- Spiritual needs
• - Trauma- Spinal cord lesions- Multiple sclerosis- Infections and abscesses of the spinal cord- Congenital defects
• - Inability to cope or adjust to stress- Chemical imbalances- Genetics- Drug or substance abuse- Social and cultural factors

How do you determine orthostatic hypotension?

• - Have the patient lie supine for 1-3min before taking the 1st BP- Have the patient sit upright for 1-3min before taking the 2nd BP- Have the patient stand for 1-3min before taking the 3rd BP- Compare the readings- It is usually detected within 1min of standing
• Using the sense of smell during a physical examination
• A human, mechanical and/or physical device that is used with or without the patient's permission to restrict his or her freedom of movement or normal access to a person's body and is not a usual part of treatment plans indicated by the patient's condition or symptoms
• - practice standard precautions- provide fluids as ordered- have patient perform coughing and deep breathing exercises to prevent pneumonia- encourage regular exercise and rest as tolerated- be a good listener and provide emotional support- avoid false reassurances but encourage hope

What is a patient's medical history used for?

• To safeguard things of value the patient brought to the ward
• The intentional physical or emotional mistreatment or harm of another person
• A patient medical history is used to:- establish patient contact and rapport- provide a focal point for the physical assessment- aid in ordering appropriate tests- institute appropriate treatment
• - Gain the patient's attention without startling him- Face the patient- Ensure adequate lighting- Speak clearly and slowly- Do not eat or chew gum - State the topic of conversation first- Have pen and paper available to write down important names or words- Keep conversations short- Repeat statements as needed- Keep background noise to a minimum

What are some safety measures for infants?

• - head injury- drug overdose- coma related to a disease process
• They are measured in the supine position with legs fully extended
• - Three-point gait- Four-point gait- Two-point gait- Swing-through gait- Swing-to gait
• - Keep infants warm by wrapping them snuggly- Use both hands- Do not place pillows, quilts, or soft toys in the crib- Lay babies on their backs to sleep- An infant should always be restrained in a car seat- Small object should be kept out of reach

Hemiplegia

• Respectfully ask them to shut up
• A full 60 sec
• Paralysis of one side of the body
• 100 mmHg and above

How long should you soak the nails of a patient during foot and nail care?

• Soak the nails 10-20 min in warm, soapy water
• The patient's physical comfort
• Determining the chief complaint
• Obtaining a psychosocial history

For what patients are rectal thermometers contraindicated?

• To safeguard things of value the patient brought to the ward
• In patients with diarrhea, have had perineal/rectal surgery, with bleeding tendencies or cardiac patients
• A movement which draws a limb away from the median sagittal plane of the body
• Between 4 and 6 years of age, and between 11 or 12 years

When assessing pain, what set of questions do you ask?

• Sarcoma
• True
• 20 ft
• OPQRST

Normal temperature for the average adult:

• Exercises perfromed by the patient with some assistance
• Oral: 98.6 FRectal: 99.6 FAxillary: 97.6 FTympanic: 98.6
• Taking a rectal temperature
• - Physical needs- Emotional needs- Social needs- Spiritual needs

True or False: Nursing diagnosis and medical diagnosis is the same thing.

• A movement which draws a limb closer to the median sagittal plane of the body
• False: Nursing diagnosis and medical diagnosis is NOT the same thing. A medical diagnosis describes a disease or condition. The nursing diagnosis is formulated based on the patients needs because of the medical diagnosis.
• False: Measuring for crutches can be done with the patient SUPINE or STANDING
• Using the sense of smell during a physical examination

Defense Mechanisms

• Using the sense of smell during a physical examination
• Unconscious reactions that block unpleasant or threatening feelings
• False: ALL values outside these ranges must be reported
• Usually following the patient's bath